Hamza Karcic is an associate professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the University of Sarajevo.
Napoleon Bonaparte's ambition to establish an empire in the East was crushed in 1799 at the Siege of Acre by Ahmed Jazzar Pasha.
Bosnian Muslims living outside the Ottoman Empire financially supported Sultan Abdulhamid II's ambitious Hejaz railway project.
From exiled opponents of Stalinist rule, such as Trotsky, to Arab scholars fleeing dictatorial regimes, Istanbul has served as a sanctuary for dissident intellectuals.
First as Hajj surrogates and now as refugees - this is the tale of how the presence of Arabs in Bosnia has transformed over the years.
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