US authorities have announced charges against the leader of an Indian criminal group in connection with the political assassination of a prominent Sikh leader in Canada — a high-profile killing that strained the diplomatic relationship between Canada and India at the time.
The charges were part of a massive law enforcement operation involving agencies across the United States, Canada and Europe that swept up 37 defendants who are allegedly a part of three Indian international crime syndicates tied to kidnappings, racketeering, extortion, firearms dealing, drug trafficking and murder, US Attorney Bill Essayli announced at a news conference.
Authorities are still searching for seven fugitives in the US, two in India and one in Europe.
The groups "have fueled violence, fear and instability within the East Indian communities throughout California and abroad," said Patrick Grandy, assistant director in charge of the FBI's Los Angeles field office.
Orchestration of Nijjar killing
Lawrence Bishnoi, 33, and his childhood friend Satinderjeet Singh are accused of orchestrating the assassination of a well-known Sikh independence activist Hardeep Singh Nijjar, who was fatally shot outside of a temple where he served as president in 2023.
The killing sparked tensions between the Canadian and Indian governments, after then-Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said that there were "credible allegations" that the Indian government was involved in Nijjar's death.
Bishnoi is in custody, but Singh has not been apprehended.
Bishnoi's organisation "routinely targeted prominent religious, social and political leaders with violence" in exchange for large amounts of money.
Nijjar, 45 when he died, was a prominent member of a movement to create an independent Sikh homeland known as Khalistan, and he was organising an unofficial referendum among the Sikh diaspora with the organisation Sikhs For Justice.
Nijjar, who was born in India and was a Canadian citizen, was wanted by Indian authorities at the time of his death.
Transnational networks and corruption
Sikh diaspora activism has been a source of tension between India and Canada for years.
Canada has the largest population of Sikhs outside India, and India has repeatedly accused it of tolerating "terrorists and extremists."
Both India and Canada expelled diplomats from each other's countries amid the international dispute.
Authorities also named two other criminal organisations that were swept up on similar charges during the two-year investigation.
The transnational organisations have members in countries ranging from the United States, New Zealand, Australia, Portugal and the United Kingdom.
Members of the group are also accused of stealing large quantities of drugs from other criminal organisations operating in California, and then selling the illicit merchandise across the country and into Canada.
The indictments say that some defendants leveraged relationships with corrupt local authorities in India to persecute rivals or those who were believed to be cooperating with law enforcement.
