In genocide-ravaged Gaza and the occupied West Bank, many Palestinians were less focused on who would win Israel's election than on whether anything would really change.
Whether the ICC-wanted Benjamin Netanyahu clings to power with his extremist allies or centrist rival Gadi Eisenkot comes out on top, few see much reason for hope in the Tuesday vote.
"We fear these elections could bring an even worse leader," said Huda al-Houli, a displaced resident of Khan Yunis in southern Gaza.
Such an outcome, she said, would only bring "more destruction and devastation" to the Palestinian territory.
Still, Houli said she hoped a more "human voice" would emerge in Israeli society and demand an end to the genocidal war, regardless of who forms the next government.
In Ramallah, in the occupied West Bank, Ahmed Awad, 67, was equally sceptical.
"Whatever the result, and even if the politicians change, I don't think there will be any radical or dramatic shift in policies towards the Palestinian-Israeli conflict," he told AFP news agency.
With 85 percent of ballots counted from Tuesday's vote, Netanyahu's camp remained ahead but without a clear majority, leaving uncertainty over Israel's next government.
The first election since Gaza genocide comes after years of right-wing and far-right rule marked by Israeli carnage in Gaza and rising illegal settler violence in the occupied West Bank.
For Netanyahu, scrambling to cling to power, several paths remain open: renewing his alliance with far-right extremists, building a broader coalition or facing yet another political deadlock.
Far-right minister Itamar Ben Gvir has already signalled that, if the current coalition survives, he would seek the defence portfolio and push for the expulsion of Gaza's population.
More of the same
Not everyone has given up hope.
"Whatever happens, it will surely be better than what we've lived through in recent years," said Abdallah Abu Rahma, 54, from Ramallah.
But if Netanyahu remains in office, he added, "any coalition he forms, he will continue down the same path".
Researcher Beth Oppenheim of the European Council on Foreign Relations suggested that a government led by Eisenkot, a former army chief, could rein in the influence of the pro-settlement far right.
In her assessment, such a government might also ease pressure on the Palestinian Authority and take a more flexible approach on aid and a ceasefire in Gaza.
But she warned against expecting too much.
There would be "nothing transformative", she said, and certainly no major shift on Palestinian statehood or the peace process, issues that have largely disappeared from Israeli political debate since October 2023.
A renewed Netanyahu coalition with far-right partners would likely mean more of the same, including illegal settlement expansion and impunity for settler violence, Oppenheim added.
"I think we need to have quite low expectations when it comes to seeing any major changes in policy from a different government," she said.
Fears of escalation
Palestinians would still face significant risks under a new Israeli government, warned Yousef Munayyer, head of the Palestine-Israel programme at the Arab Center Washington.
"There is every reason for Palestinians to be concerned," he said.
Eisenkot himself served in Israel's wartime cabinet during the Gaza genocide, Munayyer noted.
A fragile alternative coalition under constant attack from Netanyahu and the far-right could try to prove it was tough enough by taking a harder line on occupation of Palestine.
In the occupied West Bank, violence could rise if the far right loses power, with illegal Zionist settlers potentially acting out against a new government, he explained.
"It's important to understand that most settler violence in the West Bank is structural. It's not about the government in charge," Munayyer said.
"Settlers live in places that surround the Palestinian population. The Palestinian population is vulnerable to the settlers, who are armed, whereas the Palestinians overwhelmingly are not."
In Gaza, Adnan Al-Assar said he harboured few illusions.
"Whatever happens, they all follow the same overarching policy, directed against the Palestinian people." he said.
