The coalition spokesperson says civilians are instructed to evacuate to allow it to carry out a "precision operation".

Cairo warns that continued strikes on Saudi Arabia risk wider regional instability, urging Tehran and Washington to return to negotiations as diplomatic efforts intensify.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan expresses condolences for those killed in attacks on the kingdom and pledges continued solidarity with Riyadh amid rising regional tensions.

Damage to Ras Laffan energy facilities and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz have battered the Gulf state’s finances, while major gas expansion projects remain on track.

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan held a phone call with Iranian counterpart Abbas Araghchi to discuss the latest developments in the region and efforts to resolve ongoing conflicts, according to Turkish foreign ministry sources.

The two ministers assessed ongoing efforts to find solutions to the conflicts, the sources said.

Iranian attacks on vessels in and around the Strait of Hormuz have reached their highest pace since the war with the US began on February 28, with six ships targeted in a single day, according to data from the UK Maritime Trade Operations agency (UKMTO) and international maritime security sources.

Data from UKMTO and maritime security sources showed that more than 18 commercial vessels were targeted by Iran during the first 12 days of October, including six on Monday.

Between Oct. 5 and 12 alone, at least 14 attacks, attempted attacks and interceptions involving vessels were recorded in and around the strait, according to the same sources.

Vietnam has condemned Houthi militia attacks on airports in Saudi Arabia.

Foreign Ministry spokesperson Pham Thu Hang said Hanoi urged the parties to exercise restraint, strictly abide by international law, the United Nations Charter and relevant UN resolutions, and respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states, according to Viet Nam News.

At least six civilians have been killed, including women and children, in Houthi militia shelling in and around the city of Taiz, Yemen, in the past 24 hours, the Yemeni government has said.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has held a phone call with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the German government said, adding that Iran must engage in serious negotiations and stop destabilising the region.

Yemeni government forces carried out nine air strikes targeting the Houthi militia and military equipment in the southwestern Taiz province, as fighting continues to escalate across the country, the army says.

The Taiz Military Axis Media Centre said aircraft belonging to the Yemeni government forces carried out five strikes in the Al-Dhabab area and four others in Al-Misrakh district.

The centre added that clashes were also ongoing between government forces and Houthi militia on the Al-Shaqab front south of Taiz.

In Taiz city, the office said 17 civilians, including five women and six children, were injured and seven homes were damaged in Houthi militia shelling over the previous 24 hours.

Three Palestinians, including a woman, were injured in Israeli attacks in Gaza, in a fresh violation of last year’s ceasefire agreement, a medical source said.

Separately, Israeli naval vessels opened machine-gun fire and launched shells towards the Gaza City coast.

Illegal Israeli settlers wearing army uniforms assault Palestinian family in Talfit, leaving several injured.

Egypt is prepared to provide Saudi Arabia with “any kind” of support, as the kingdom faces intensified attacks by the Houthi militia, Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty said.

“Whatever is being asked by the Saudis, of course we will respond,” Abdelatty told Bloomberg Television when asked whether Egypt could provide military support to Saudi Arabia.

“Without any reservation, we provide all kinds of support,” he added in an interview on the sidelines of the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund in Bangkok on October 12-18.

Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani has called for accountability for those responsible for Israel’s genocide in Gaza, which began in October 2023.

“What happened in the Gaza Strip is unquestionably genocide, and its perpetrators must not be allowed to escape accountability,” Tamim said during an address opening the 55th annual session of Qatar’s Shura Council in Doha.

The Committee to Protect Journalists urged pressure on Israel including potential economic consequences if it does not hold responsible troops behind a deadly 2023 strike on reporters in Lebanon.

The Committee to Protect Journalists, a New York-based group advocating freedom of the press, said that the European Union should consider a suspension of its agreement allowing free trade with Israel unless Israel takes responsibility.

"With Israel's blatant failure to take accountability, we call on the international community to pressure Israeli officials to complete a probe naming the units and individuals responsible for the deliberate attacks against journalists," said Sara Qudah, Middle East regional director for the Committee to Protect Journalists.

"The suspension of the EU-Israel Association Agreement is one of the few remaining avenues that could create a meaningful pressure to break this cycle of impunity," she said.

Saudi Arabia, the world's top oil exporter, faces a major economic contraction this year, the IMF said, as deadly attacks by Houthi militia squeeze a country already suffering from the Middle East war.

Saudi Arabia's GDP is expected to shrink by 3.3 percent, the International Monetary Fund said in its latest World Economic Outlook report, predicting a regional drop over Iran's blockading of the Strait of Hormuz.

The kingdom was already facing headwinds from Iran's chokehold on Hormuz, a vital shipping route for oil and gas, since the start of the Middle East war in February, when the US and Israel attacked Iran.

The Red Cross has called for urgent de-escalation in the Middle East, warning that further fighting would be disastrous for tens of millions of civilians.

"Civilians are paying an unacceptable price as a result of military operations in the Middle East," said Mirjana Spoljaric, the president of the International Committee of the Red Cross.

"In Yemen, the scale of death, displacement and damage to civilian infrastructure, including in Aden and Sanaa, is mounting at an alarming rate.

Spoljaric said civilians and civilian objects had to be spared from attack, while parties to conflict must, at all times, distinguish between civilians, civilian objects and military targets.

"A further intensification of hostilities would be disastrous for tens of millions of people. Urgent efforts must be made to de-escalate and protect civilians from further harm," Spoljaric said.

Türkiye’s UN envoy has called on Israel to end its “reckless acts” in Syria and fully comply with the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement.

“Lasting stability is essential for Syria to rebuild its economy, attract investment, and participate in regional energy and connectivity projects,” Türkiye's Permanent Representative to the United Nations Ahmet Yildiz told a session of the UN Security Council.

“Israel’s continued violations of Syrian sovereignty and territorial integrity undermine these prospects and show disregard for international law,” Yildiz said.

“A stable, sovereign and unified Syria capable of securing its borders, defeating terrorist organisations and contributing to regional peace and economic cooperation serves the interests of all, including Israel,” he added.

Israeli political leaders are considering removing Army Chief of Staff Eyal Zamir after the October 27 election if right-wing parties remain in power, Channel 14 reported, amid a dispute over his choice of deputy.

Zamir wants to appoint former Northern Command chief Ori Gordin, while political leaders favour current Southern Command chief Yaniv Asor, the broadcaster said, citing senior security officials.

Gordin has reportedly been given an office near Zamir’s at the Defence Ministry in Tel Aviv, attends key meetings with him and has taken on responsibilities previously handled by current deputy chief of staff Tamir Yadai.

The dispute has triggered heated exchanges between Zamir and political officials in closed-door meetings, further straining ties between the military and political leadership, Channel 14 reported.

Israel ordered an Ethiopian Airlines flight bound for Tel Aviv to turn back because one of its pilots was Indonesian, Israel’s Channel 12 reported.

The aircraft was about an hour into its flight from Addis Ababa and still in Ethiopian airspace when the order was issued, according to the broadcaster.

Channel 12 said the pilot's nationality had been flagged to Israeli intelligence and airport authorities, prompting security officials and the Transportation Ministry to bar the flight from landing.

Ethiopian Airlines described the incident as a mistake, saying it had been unaware that the pilot was barred from operating flights to Israel, according to the report.

The UN has called on Israel to cease violations of a 1974 agreement and fully respect Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

"I reiterate the Secretary-General’s call for an end of the violations of the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement and full respect for Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity," Deputy Special Envoy for Syria Claudio Cordone told the UN Security Council.

"Diplomacy is the only way to reach an agreement on security arrangements, consistent with international law," said Cordone.

Israeli forces abducted a young man during an incursion into a village in southern Syria's Quneitra province, according to Syria’s Alikhbaria TV.

The official broadcaster said Israeli troops entered the village of Bariqa and detained the man, without providing details about his identity or where he was taken.

In the western Damascus countryside, Israeli forces blew up an abandoned military barracks near the town of Beit Jinn, the channel reported.

A separate Israeli force comprising six military vehicles entered an area south of Al-Rafid in Quneitra province.

Israeli troops also entered the Wadi al-Raqqad area in Daraa province early on Monday, opened fire towards agricultural land and withdrew, according to the broadcaster.

Forty-seven Palestinian families face forced displacement from a village in the northern occupied West Bank, where four families have already fled following threats by illegal Israeli settlers, a Palestinian body said.

The Palestinian Colonization and Wall Resistance Commission said armed illegal settlers stormed homes in Khirbet Ras al-Ahmar, southeast of Tubas, and threatened residents with death, forcing four families to leave.

The commission also reported that Israeli authorities demolished six water wells, confiscated pumps and repeatedly cut water lines serving the village.

The Saudi-led coalition in Yemen said that it intercepted and destroyed two ballistic missiles launched by the Houthi militia towards Khamis Mushait in southwestern Saudi Arabia.

Coalition spokesperson Turki al-Maliki announced the interceptions on X but provided no further details, including on possible casualties or damage.

Jordan's King Abdullah II has arrived in Australia for a two-day official visit, his first to the country in a decade, aimed at strengthening bilateral cooperation in defence, regional security and trade.

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese is expected to receive the monarch in Canberra, where meetings with Governor-General Sam Mostyn and senior government and parliamentary officials are also scheduled, according to Jordan's state news agency Petra.

The visit will include defence and cultural engagements, the Australian Prime Minister's Office said on Monday.

“In a time of increasing uncertainty around the world, ongoing defence and security cooperation between Australia and Jordan is essential as regional security partners,” Albanese said.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has sharply cut growth forecasts for the Middle East and Central Asia in 2026, as the ongoing war has sent economies into a tailspin.

In its latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF said the regional economy was projected to contract by 0.3 percent, compared to its projected 1.9 percent growth six months ago.

It cited "a longer closure of the Strait of Hormuz, compared with the baseline assumptions in the April" report, predicting a major rebound in 2027 based on the expected reopening of the waterway.

US President Donald Trump has criticised the Houthi militia but did not outline any specific measures that his administration might take in response to its actions.

Speaking to reporters at the White House before leaving for Ohio, Trump was asked what he planned to do about the Houthi militia.

“Well, the Houthis are misbehaving very badly. No good,” he replied.

The Saudi capital Riyadh has faced repeated Houthi militia attacks in recent days, with strikes on King Khalid International Airport over two days forcing a temporary suspension of operations.

Saudi Information Minister Salman Al-Dosari said the kingdom was prepared for various scenarios, regardless of their likelihood, and stressed that life continued normally despite repeated Houthi militia attacks.

Al-Dosari said, “Life in the kingdom, praise be to God, continues normally.”

“Increasing readiness does not mean anxiety; rather, it reflects the state’s preparedness for various scenarios, whatever the likelihood of their occurrence,” he added.

Several Arab region air carriers have suspended or cancelled flights to and from King Khalid International Airport following deadly Houthi attacks that disrupted operations at the facility in Riyadh, the Saudi capital.

The airport, Saudi Arabia’s second-busiest after Jeddah, temporarily suspended operations Saturday after an attack killed 13 people and injured more than 300. Another attack Sunday killed one person and injured more than 10 others.

Bahrain’s Gulf Air announced Monday that its flights to and from Riyadh had been cancelled from Oct. 12 to Oct. 17.