G20: Welcome to Hell
Protesters of all sorts are promising to make the upcoming G20 an event that will not be quickly forgotten. Baseball bats and incendiary devices have already been seized as 20,000 police officers prepare to face off against protesters.
In this July 4, 2017 photo a water cannon sprays demonstrators blocking the traffic in Hamburg, northern Germany. The G20 summit will take place in Hamburg between July 7- 8.
President Donald Trump was met with thousands of protesters when he arrived at meetings in Brussels in May. But with Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan joining him at the Group of 20 meetings in Germany this week, he likely won't even be at the top of the list for demonstrators.
Add India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Chinese President Xi Jinping and other leaders whose controversial policies have sparked unrest, mix in the cauldron that is Hamburg – the summit venue is only about a kilometre from the country's most notorious hotbed of left-wing protest – and the brew could prove explosive.
"G-20: Welcome to Hell" is the slogan anti-globalisation activists registered for their protests on July 6, when Trump and other leaders arrive for the July 7-8 summit in the northern port city.
"We are calling on the world to make Hamburg a focal point of the resistance against the old and new capitalist authorities," said the organisers, who have ties to the Rote Flora squat, a centre for radical leftists where police have clashed frequently with protesters. The site is a short walk from where the leaders will be meeting.
Police officers remove a protestors' tent as they clear a camp at Emil Wendt Park in Hamburg, northern Germany, Tuesday, July 4, 2017.
Acts of violence already
Already in the weeks ahead of the summit, in incidents believed linked to the meeting, police cars have been burned, train lines have been sabotaged and authorities in Hamburg and the nearby city of Rostock have confiscated improvised weapons such as fire extinguishers filled with flammable liquid, material to build gasoline bombs, baseball bats and other items in several raids.
"We have to assume that this is only a tiny percentage of what is still in basements and garages in and around Hamburg," Hamburg police criminal director Jan Hieber told reporters this week.
In a preview of things to come, police clashed Tuesday night in Hamburg with hundreds of protesters, using pepper spray and water cannons to eventually bring the crowd under control.
Welcome to Hell
The "Welcome to Hell" demonstration is just one of dozens of protests that have been registered under a smorgasbord of themes – including a far-right pro-Trump rally – with more than 100,000 demonstrators from across Europe and beyond taking part.
Policemen clear an anti-G20 protest camp in the district Altona in Hamburg, northern Germany, on July 5, 2017, where leaders of the world's top economies will gather for a G20 summit.
Officials expect some 8,000 protesters from Europe's violent left-wing scene, and have been tracking known activists coming in from Scandinavia, Switzerland, Italy and elsewhere, said Hamburg police chief Ralf Martin Meyer.
"This isn't about sit-ins," Meyer said.
Sit-ins
That's not to say all protesters are violent – most aren't and see the gathering of as an opportunity to highlight their messages with the world watching, and with the hope the leaders gathering inside Hamburg's congress will listen.
Greenpeace, for example, sees the G20 as an opportunity for leaders to send a strong signal about their determination to fight climate change – despite the US' decision to pull out of the Paris agreement.
"We're looking for the G20, and if that's not possible, then the G19, to go forward with implementing the Paris agreement and maybe doing even more," Greenpeace International's executive director Jennifer Morgan said.
Like many non-profit organisations, Greenpeace is fighting against a security decision to block off a 38 sq km (almost 15 sq miles) no-protest zone encompassing the airport where leaders will arrive and the conference centre where they will meet.
The group is also calling for residents who live within the security zone to hang flags and banners out of their windows so that leaders will see them on the way in.
A man stands in front of police officers as the police clears an anti-G20 protest with a water canon during a demonstration in the district St-Pauli in Hamburg, northern Germany, on July 5, 2017.
"Greenpeace stands for non-violent direct action – we have peace in our name – and it would be a shame if violence moved the message away from what the G20 should be doing on climate and other issues," Morgan said.
Stay non-violent
German Chancellor Angela Merkel has told community organisers in Hamburg that she understood the importance of demonstrations to express criticism and concerns, but urged that they remain non-violent.
"It should be peaceful criticism," she said in June.
Still, German security officials are preparing for the worst, drawing upon decades of experience dealing with violent May Day demonstrations and other protests at major events, including the G7 in 2015 and G8 in 2007.
In addition to the no-protest zone, tightly-secured transit corridors are set up to ensure that convoys will be able to keep moving lest they become a target for violent demonstrators or terrorists if they are stopped.
Germany has also denied Erdogan permission to hold a rally on the sidelines of the summit, which could have drawn huge protests from Kurds living in Germany.
German riot police carry a protestor near Schanzenviertel ahead of the G20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, July 4, 2017.
Hamburg is boosting its police force with reinforcements from around the country and will have 20,000 officers on hand to patrol the city's streets, skies and waterways.
"You can be certain that you will see all of the equipment that German police have here in Hamburg," said Hartmude Dudde, who is leading the security team for Hamburg police. That includes both underwater and aerial drones.
Berlin contingent sent home
They are 220 officers shorter than planned, however, after Hamburg sent home a Berlin contingent for partying excessively at their barracks, with police officers allegedly urinating on a fence and an officer dressed in a bathrobe dancing on a table with a weapon in her hand.
Of those who are on hand, Germany's counter-terrorist GSG9 force will be assisted by Austria's counterpart Cobra and specialists from the Netherlands and other countries, Meyer said. They'll be stationed around the city in strategic locations to help protect the summit's expected 6,500 participants from any attack.
"You can count on a very quick reaction time," Meyer told reporters. "Well under a minute, that's the concept. They are, in principle, everywhere."
Demonstrations need to be registered with authorities in Germany before going ahead – otherwise they're considered illegal and can be immediately broken up. That means that police can be expected to react swiftly to any "spontaneous" protests inside the security zone closer to where the world leaders are meeting.
On the outskirts of the city, a former wholesale supermarket has been converted into a special temporary prison with holding cells for 400 people, and judges on hand to decide whether there's enough evidence to keep them longer term or to set them free.
"Peaceful protest is welcome in our democracy ... but violent protest will be stopped," Germany's top security official, Interior Minister Thomas de Maiziere said this week.
"This event will not be disturbed, of that I am certain."
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